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英语美文摘抄带翻译

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初中英语美文摘抄带翻译篇1

Plants in the Deserts

Some cacti, like the saguaro, grow to tree size, but true trees need more moisture than mostdesert environments can supply, so they are scarce on deserts. Close to streambeds,cottonwoods can sometimes be found. Though these streams are dry most of the year, waterflows there longest and is usually available fairly close to the surface. Elsewhere, trees mustsend taproots deep into the hard baked desert soil to draw on underground water. Perhaps themost widespread family of trees on the world's deserts is the acacia, whose taproots drilldown as far as 25 feet (7. 5 meters). The mesquite common on North American deserts in bothtree and shrub forms,does not begin to grow above ground until its root system is completelydeveloped, ensuring the plant a supply of moisture. The roots of shrubs and trees help to holdthe desert soil in place. Their stalks and branches also act as screens to keep the wind fromsweeping great drifts of sand along the surface. These services are vital if a desert is tosupport life. Scientists estimate that a desert needs year round plant cover over 20 to 40percent of its surface. If shrubs are too far apart-separated by a distance greater than fivetimes their height - soil around them is likely to blow away. Without the shelter of establishedshrubs, new seedlings will have difficulty in getting a start.

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